So let's say your laptop is rated to run at a maximum of 90W or 90Wh, and your portable power station has a battery capacity of 40,000 mAh on a 12-volt system. Using the table above, you'll see that the power station has a battery capacity of 480Wh. If you divide that by the 90Wh the laptop uses, you can expect roughly 5 hours of runtime, regardless of power draw and other variables.
2. Battery Technology
Another important factor you should look for in a portable power station is the battery technology or the type of battery it uses. The type of battery used in a portable power station largely determines the size, weight, cost, charging speed, and how long your power station can continue to generate AC power before it cuts off.
Lithium-ion (Li-Ion), lithium-polymer (Li-Po), and lead-acid batteries are the most commonly used batteries in portable power stations.
Lithium-ion batteries charge three times faster than lead-acid batteries and have the highest energy density of the three. Li-polymer batteries, on the other hand, have lower energy density than Li-ion batteries, but have fast charging capabilities and are generally safer to use than Li-ion and lead-acid batteries. While lead-acid batteries are the most affordable of the three, they are bulky, slow to charge, and have the lowest energy density.
If you're looking for something that's packable, lighter, and lasts a lot, lithium-ion batteries are usually a worthwhile investment. However, if you want something that is safer, charges quickly, and has the lowest passive discharge rate, a LiPo battery power station is probably a better choice.
Lead-acid batteries are generally not recommended, but if you really need an inexpensive plug-and-play backup power station for emergency use, a lead-acid power station will suffice.
3. Frequency Conversion Technology
Depending on the devices you'll be powering, having the right inverter in your portable power station can keep your delicate equipment safe from damage and keep them working as efficiently as possible, saving battery power.
A power inverter is an electronic component that converts a battery's direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). Direct current is used to charge battery-operated handheld devices such as cell phones, tablets, and Bluetooth headsets, while alternating current is used to power more power-hungry devices such as laptops, computers, TVs, and game consoles.
Generally, there are two types of inverters; they are pure sine wave inverters and modified sine wave inverters. A pure sine wave inverter provides a clean sine wave that produces alternating current, while a modified sine wave inverter uses pulse width modulation (PWM), which produces an electrical signal that attempts to mimic a pure sine wave signal.
If you are powering delicate and highly sensitive equipment, then a pure sine wave inverter should be your only choice. However, if you're only going to use your power station to power computers, monitors, consoles, and TVs, then a power station with a modified sine wave inverter should work just fine while saving you quite a bit of money.
4. Peak and Continuous Power
Peak and continuous power are also important specifications you should be looking for when shopping for a portable power station. While portable power stations are commonly used to power computers, televisions, and other electronics, they can also power refrigerators, corded power tools, fans, and kitchen appliances like blenders and food processors. However, these devices can only be powered by portable power stations if they have sufficient peak and continuous power.
Most power-hungry appliances and devices require a certain peak or surge of power to start and turn them on quickly. Once turned on, they will require a lower but continuous power supply, called continuous watts or rated watts.
To find out how many peaks and continuous power your portable power station needs, here is a list of typical devices and their power ratings: